What is the definition of a stakeholder in the context of a project?

In the context of a project, a stakeholder is defined as persons and organizations affected by the project's development and use. This encompasses a broad range of individuals and groups who have an interest in the project and can be influenced by its outcome. Stakeholders can include clients, end-users, project team members, sponsors, and others who may benefit from or be impacted by the project deliverables.

Understanding stakeholders is crucial for effective project management because their needs, expectations, and involvement can significantly influence project success. Engaging with stakeholders early and consistently helps ensure that their perspectives and concerns are considered, which can lead to more informed decision-making and higher satisfaction with the project results. This definition aligns with the fundamental principles of stakeholder management, emphasizing the importance of recognizing the diverse group of people connected to a project.

The other options reflect narrower definitions or different roles within or related to projects. For example, external actors might only refer to users outside the organization, while special interest representatives focus solely on approval, and individuals managing the development environment would not encompass all those affected by the project. By framing stakeholders in broad terms that include all affected parties, the correct choice captures the full scope of stakeholder engagement necessary for successful projects.